Location: Cambodia occupies an area of 181.035 square kilometers on the Indochina peninsula and borders Thailand, Lao and Vietnam. The country consists chiefly of a large alluvial plain ringed by mountains and the Mekong river. The plain is centered on lake Tonle Sap, which is a natural storage lake of the Mekong, which regulates the course, in case of flooding, and minimizes the effects.
Cities : Phnom Penh, the capital, Battambang, Sihanoukville, Kampong Cham, Kandal, Prey Veng, Takeo, Kampong Thom, Svay Rieng, Kampong Speu, Stuhg Treng.
Climate: Cambodia has sun almost year round. Average temperature 27 degrees Celsius; minimum temperature is about 15 degrees. Dry season from November to April, temperature ranging from 15-27 degrees. December and January is the coolest period. Rainy season from mid-May to October, temperature ranging from 27-35 degrees with humidity up to 90%. The hottest month is April.
Population: The total population is over 17 million (with an important population growth of 2,5%) with 90% constitued by Khmers. Other ethnic backgrounds: Chinese, Vietnamese, Cham (Muslims) and Khmer Loeu (hill tribes).
Religion: The official religion of Cambodia is Theravada Buddhism that was introduced into Cambodia in the 12th century by King Jayavarman VII. There are also around 500.000 Muslims and 60.000 Christians.
Rivers and lakes : The Mekong river flows through Cambodia from Lao, North, to Vietnam, South. Phnom Penh was built in an auspicious location where the Mekong intersects with the Bassac and Tonle Sap rivers. The Tonle Sap lake and the Tonle Sap river create a unique phenomenon over the world, reversing its direction twice a year.
Mountains : The Dangrek mountains run along the Northern border, the Cardamom mountains run Southwest of Battambang. The Elephant mountains run East and Southeast of Phnom Penh. The country's tallest mountain, Phnom Aoral, 1.813 m, lies East of the capital between Kampong Chhnang and Kampong Speu provinces.
Forests : The last virgin rain forests are protected, by Royal decree, in the Northeastern and Southeastern regions of Cambodia, as well as the Cardamoms Mountain, which are rich in rare woods. In November 1993, by that decree, the King established a system of 23 protected areas covering 3,4 million hectares.
Animals : The Ko Prey, jungle cow, Cambodia's national animal, is one of the most endangered species in the world. Hunting this animal is strictly forbidden by Royal decree. About some tens of Ko Prey are believed to exist in the Northeast. Cambodia still possesses wild animals such as crocodiles, monkeys, deers and also rhinoceros, wild elephants and some species oft he beautiful black panther,
Language: Except Khmer, which is the official language, French is only spoken by old and educated people. As everywhere, the trend among younger cambodians has been to study English as a second language for economic reasons.
Currency : The unit is the Riel. Riel denominations are 100, 200, 500, 1.000, 2.000, 5.000, 10.000 and 20.000. There are no coins. American dollars are generally accepted throughout the country, as well as Thai Baths.
Local time : + 7 hours GMT.
Working hours :
| Government Offices | 7.30 - 11.30 / 1400-17.00 |
| Business Offices | 8.00 - 11.30 / 14.00-17.00 |
| Shops | 7.00 - 19.00 or 7am to 10am |
| Banks | 8.00 - 15.00 |
Telecommunications :
| Government Offices | 7.30 - 11.30 / 1400-17.00 |
| Business Offices | 8.00 - 11.30 / 14.00-17.00 |
| Shops | 7.00 - 19.00 or 7am to 10am |
| Banks | 8.00 - 15.00 |
Electricity : 220 volts
Health: Although no vaccination is required, it is recommended to protect oneself against cholera, typhoidi and hepatitis, especially if you travel to the provinces.
Annual main events :
| January | 1, International New Year Day. 7, Victory Day over Genocide. |
| February | 13, Meak Bochea. Tet Festival, New Year of both Chinese and Vietnamese lunar calendar (January or February). |
| March | 8, International Women Day |
| April | 14 - 16, Bonn Chaul Chhnam, Khmer New Year. |
| May | 1, International Labour Day. 12, Visak Bochea, Buddha's Birthday. 13, 14, 15, His Majesty the King Norodom Sihamoni's Birthday. 16, Bonn Chroat Nongkoal, Royal Ploughing Cremony. |
| June | 1, Children's Day. 18, Samdech Preah Akeak Mohesey Norodom Monineath Sihanouk's Birthday. |
| September | 21 - 23, Pchum Ben, Spirit Commemoration Day. 24, Constitution Day. |
| October | 29, Coronation Day of His Majesty the King Norodom Sihamoni. 30, Norodom Sihanouk's Birthday. |
| November | 4 - 6, Water Festival. 8 - 5, Bonn Kathen. 9, Independence Day. |
| December | 10, Human Rights Day. 25, Christmas. |
A visa is necessary to enter Cambodia and may be obtained upon arrival. There are 2 categories of visa:
- tourist visa valid 30 days (20US$) extendable one time for 30 days (45US$).
- business visa valid 30 days (25US$) extendable up to 1 year (cost depending on the extension period).
Documents required: 1 form, 2 photos, valid passport during 6 months at the date of arrival in Cambodia, appropriate sum.
If you enter Cambdia via the border town of Poipet from Thailand, the cost of one <tourist> visa is 1000 Baths and one <business> visa is 1200 Baths, higher costs than here-above mentioned, due to the exchange rate US$/thai Bath (1US$ changes around 30Baths at the end of November 2010). The local Authorities do not accept US$ for payment and that allows some officials to fully take advantage of the exchange rate.
If your visa has expired, it will cost 5US$ per day of overstay then 6US$ per day, retroactivly to the first day of overstay, if you have not regularized your situation within a period of 30 days.
An other way to get a visa is by internet; just follow the link hereafter and get it online http://www.mfaic.gov.kh/evisa/. That will avoid you queue up at your entry point of Cambodia.
No vaccination is required in Cambodia. Nevertheless, it is highly recommended to safeguard against tetanos, hepatitis A & B, thyphoid. If you travel to certain remote regions, the vaccines against rage, japanese encephalitis and flu are advised.
Tropical climate in Cambodia, very hot in summer (mid-March to end of May).
In your bag, think of placing an anti-mosquitoes lotion, sunglasses, a hat ... before traveling.
Customs : you will have to fill in a declaration form at your entry into Cambodia.
Avoid heavy luggage. The weight allowed for checked luggage on domestic and international flights is 20kgs per person.
International Airport tax : 25 usd / person at Phnom Penh and Siem Reap, now included in the air ticket price as of April 1st, 2011.
Domestic Airport tax : 06 usd / person at Phnom Penh and Siem Reap, now included in your air ticket bought in Cambodia..
The normal check-in times at airports is 2h for international departures and 1h for domestic departures. But, due to tougher security measures it is advisable to come sufficiently in advance to avoid queuing.
Credit cards: you may obtain cash advance with your credit card at the local banks, the standard charge begins at 2%. Most stores, hotels and travel agencies accept payment by CB but will add a 4 - 5% commission to the final bill. There are now automatic teller machines in the main towns of Cambodia.
Traveller's cheques : banks and large hotels will accept payment by traveller's cheques and charge a 1 - 2% commission.
Cash : it is important to bring small denominations of US$ for your current expenses, they are accepted and preferred everywhere. The local money-changers, usually located around the markets, have better rates than banks.
Internet and telephone : it is the cheapest way to communicate with your beloved ones, there are numerous internet shops and cafes throughout Cambodia.
Photographies, films and processing: it is not necessary to bring a lot of films to Cambodia as they can be found everywhere and are very cheap.CAVAR TRAVEL & TOUR will do the best and make efforts to book hotels requested by clients; sometimes, hotel bookings cannot be guaranteed and alternative hotels will be used and booked.
Angkor Wat, which literally means ‘City Temple’, is a Hindu temple complex built to replicate the heavens on earth. Constructed for King Suryavarman II in the early twelfth century, it is the best-preserved temple and is the only one to have remained a significant religious centre since its foundation. The temple is the epitome of the high classical style of Khmer architecture.
Angkor Thom is a very popular tourist spot. It was established in the late twelfth century to early thirteenth century by King Jayavarman VII. This site is situated 1.7 Km north of Angkor Wat, within which are located several monuments from earlier eras as well as those established by Jayavarman and his successors.
Bayon is a richly decorated Khmer temple built in the late twelfth century or early thirteenth century. Built at the centre of King Jayavarman’s capital, Angkor Thom was the last state temple to be built at Angkor, and the only Angkorian state temple to be built primarily as a Mahayana Buddhist shrine dedicated to the Buddha. Following Jayavarman’s death, it was modified and augmented by later Hindu and Theravada Buddhist kings in accordance to their religious preferences.Bayon Temple is the most beautiful temple that this has many faces temple to represent Khmer Empire with high rich culture and civillazation.
Consecrated in 967 A.D, Banteay Srei was speculated to have been known earlier as Banteay Serai, which literally means the Citadel of Victory. This was the only major temple at Angkor not built by a monarch; its construction is credited to a courtier named Yajnavaraha, who was a scholar and philanthropist and a counselor to king Rajendravarman. He was known to have helped those who suffered from illness, injustice or poverty.
Phnom Bakheng was constructed more than two centuries before the Angkor Wat. It is a Hindu temple originally built in the form of a temple mountain dedicated to Shiva. Historians believe that Phnom Bakheng was in its heyday, the principal temple of the Angkor region. It was the architectural centerpiece of a new capital that Yasovarman built when he moved the court from the capital Hariharalaya in the Roluos area located to the southeast.
Preah Khan was built on the site of Jayavarman VII’s victory over the invading Chams in 1191. In its heyday, this was the centre of a substantial organisation with almost 100,000 officials and servants. This temple is flat in design, with a basic plan of successive rectangular galleries around a Buddhist sanctuary complicated by Hindu satellite temples and numerous later additions. With numerous trees and other vegetation growing among the ruins, Preah Khan has been left largely unrestored.
Ta Prohm, a Bayon style temple, is believed to be built in the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. It was founded by King Jayavarman VII as a Mahayana Buddhist monastery and university. Unlike most Angkorian temples, Ta Prohm has been left in much the same condition in which it was found where the photogenic and atmospheric combination of trees growing out of the ruins and the jungle surroundings have made it one of Angkor’s most popular temples with visitors.Tap Prohm means grandfather with four faces and this temple is the trees growing from the stone and look so amazing that all tourists will not miss it and they should visit there and furthermore this temple was shot by movies Hollywood called Tomb Raider by Angelina Jolie.
Built in the late twelfth to early thirteenth century during the reign of Jayavarman VII, Banteay Kdei is known only as a Buddhist temple constructed in the Bayon style. It has been occupied by monks at various intervals over the centuries, but the inscription stone has never been discovered so it is mystery; unknown to whom the temple is dedicated.
The Kulen Mountain or Phnom Kulen is declared as a National Park. It is an isolated mountain massif located in Svay Leu District and some 48km from Siem Reap. Its highest point is 487 meters. This is widely regarded as the birthplace of the ancient Khmer Empire. During the constructional period of the ancient temples in the nineth century, sand stones were brought from this sacred mountain to Angkor. It was here at Phnom Kulen that King Jayavarman II proclaimed independence from Java in 802 A.D.
Tonle Sap, the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia, is itself a natural wonder.This great lake exists as an ecological anomaly. In early June, at the start of the rainy season, the water level of the Mekong River rises to divert part of its flow off its course to the South China Sea and redirect it into the Tonle Sap. This forces the current to reverse direction, beginning a process that by the end of October will see the great lake increasing its size almost tenfold, making it the largest freshwater body in Southeast Asia.
The Angkor National Museum is classified as one of Cambodia’s premier museum sites. On display are thousands of important Buddhist and Hindu sculptures from the various Angkor temples. Many original pieces recovered for safe-keeping by the authorities from the temple ruins are also on exhibit at this museum.
The Cambodian Cultural Village is designed to provide tourists with an excellent insight into the life and culture of the Cambodians; their traditions and practices, etc. In all, eleven villages or sectors, each a showcase of different landmarks and providing a peek into the lifestyles of the people from various provinces including the ethnic minorities.
Like the one in Phnom Penh, the Angkor Night Market is also designed to give visitors a secure and enjoyable shopping and dining experience in a vibrant, contemporary Khmer environment. Both these night markets offer a wide variety of stalls offering a diverse range of goods and services. A ‘must visit’ when in the vicinity
Built by King Harshavarman I in the early 10th century and dedicated to Hindusim.
Location: East of Angkor Wat and south of Banteay kdei
Access: Enter and depart from the east
Date: The first half of the tenth century (921)
King: Completed during the reign of Harshavarman I (it may have been built by high court officials)
Art Style: Transitional from Bakheng to Kho Ker.
The Terrace of the Elephants is part of the walled city of Angkor Thom. The terrace was used by king Jayavarman VII as a platform from which to view his victorious returning army. It was attached to the palace of Phimeanakas. Most of the original structure was made of organic material and has long since disappeared and most of what remains are the foundation platforms of the complex. The terrace is named for the carvings of elephants on its eastern side.
A double terrace wall at the north end of the Terrace of Elephants with deeply carved nagas, demons and other mythological beings. The inner wall is an earlier version of the outer wall that was covered at the time the outer wall was added. The inner wall was excavated by French archaeologists in the late 1990s.
It was perhaps a chapel to Kama, God of Love. The spot would suit the temper of the strange power, terribly strong and yet terribly tender, and of that passion which carries away kingdoms, empires and whole worlds. Love could occupy this quiet nest embedded in water, which gave the impression that love had come one day and had left there, when he went away, a part of his spirit.
The remains of Boeng Mealea, which are still partly buried under vegetation, consist of perfectly squared-off sandstone building blocks. The outstanding decoration dates from the fist half of the 12th century.
East Mebon is a large temple-mountain-like ruin, rising three levels and crowned by five towers. Jayavarman IV, a usurper to the throne, moved the capital from Angkor to Koh Ker in 928AD. Sixteen years later Rajendravarman II returned the capital to Angkor and shortly thereafter constructed East Mebon on an island in the middle of the now dry Eastern Baray.
Architecturally and artistically superior temple-mountain. Beautifully carved false doors on upper level, as well as an excellent view of the surrounding countryside. Richly detailed, Well-preserved carvings.
It is located at the foot of the mountain. Along the river of Siem Reap, there are a lot of figures of Yoni and Linga spreading out at its bottom.
It is located at the foot of the mountain. Along the river of Siem Reap, there are a lot of figures of Yoni and Linga spreading out at its bottom.
Large, comparatively flat temple displaying distinctively Angkor Wat-style architecture and artistry. The temple underwent extensive restoration this century by archaeologists using the anastylosis method. Banteay Samre was constructed around the same time as Angkor Wat.
A ´baray´ is a water reservoir – an area of land where dikes have been raised to catch and hold water. Beginning in the 9th century, the construction of massive baray and other such grand projects became one of the marks of Angkorian kingship.
Chau Say Tevoda is a small temple of similar design and floor plan to that of Thommanon located across the street (except for additional gopuras and library), but for years appeared as Thommanon´s neglected sister, languishing in significantly worse condition than Thommanon, which had been restored back in the 1960s. Small, attractive temple in very good condition, built at the same time as Angkor Wat. The Angkor Wat style is most easily seen in the style of the towers and carved devatas. Thommanon seems to stand in conjunction with Chau Say Tevoda across the street, but was built decades earlier.
A small island temple located in the middle of the last baray (the Preah Khan Baray or Jayatataka) to be constructed by a Khmer king in the Angkor area. The central temple sits at the axis of a cross or lotus pattern of eight pools. Originally known as Rajasri, Neak Pean took its modern appellation, which means ‘coiled serpents,’ from the encoiled nagas that encircled the temple.
Impressive laterite and sandstone pyramid. The lack surviving carvingleaves it artistically uninteresting. But it is the tallest scalable temple in Angkor Thom, providing a nice view from the top. The western staircase (at the back) is the most easily ascended.This temple is very close to south gate of Angkor Thom and Ba Kheng Mountain Temple
In Siem Reap, after returning from the temple tours in the evening, many tourists are taken to the Pub Street to take advantage of the happy hour deals or a good meal. The street is so named because it is lined end to end on both sides by pubs, restaurants and shops.
Towering but plainly decorated temple-mountain dedicated to Shiva. Known in its time as ‘the mountain with golden peaks.’ The first to be constructed wholly of sandstone, this temple employing huge sandstone blocks.Ta Keo means grandfatherKeo that build like the mount
Angkorian capital. Hariharalaya. Bakong stands 15 meters tall and is 650x850m at the outer wall.
Roluos Group: Six towers displaying set on a platform, all beautifully preserved carvings. Originally surrounded by walls and gopuras of which only vestiges remain. Preah Ko was one of the first major temples of the empire at the early Khmer capital of Hariharalaya.
Roluos Group: Ruins of an island-temple built in the middle of a now dry baray, Indratataka, the first large-scale baray constructed by a Khmer king. Lolei consists of four brick towers on a double laterite platform.
The temple complex at Koh Ker, northeast of Siem Reap, represents the remnants of the capital of the Khmer Empire from 928 AD. – 944 A.D. – a very unique period in the Age of Angkor. From the time the Khmer capital was first moved to the Angkor area in the late 9 th century, it would remain there for almost 500 years, with one brief interruption. Just a few decades after the establishment at Angkor there was a disruption in the royal succession for reasons that remain a matter of academic debate. What is known is that in 928 A.D. King Jayavarman IV, possibly a usurper to the throne, created a new capital 100km away at Koh Ker, either moving the capital city from Angkor or creating a rival capital. Obviously a king of much wealth and power, he raised an impressive royal city at Koh Ker of Brahmanic monuments, temples and prasats, surrounding a huge baray (reservoir) Rahal.
The reason most people come to Siem Reap is to visit the Angkor Archaeological Park. The town is worth strolling about for itself and there are a number of means to go about enjoying the city. Going about on foot is perhaps the most leisurely and most rewarding. Here, the pace may be quite laid-back to some, but all in all it’s a pleasant place to be at. Along the streets, there are many shops offering services and goods ranging from the basic necessities to fine silk; chic galleries with beautiful display of local art pieces and lots of souvenirs.
For food, there are whole streets catering for the travellers tastes, with tasty Khmer fares such as Amok and ‘Khmer curry’, or pizzas, hamburgers and other international cuisines. Explore the backstreets for more shops and restaurants and have fun. In the evening, stroll down Pub Street and mingle with the crowd. There is never a lack of colours while in Siem Reap.
Although it is one of the smaller temple sites in the Angkor Archeological Park, it is definitely worth a look. As with neighboring sites Preah Khan and Ta Prohm, very little restoration work has been done on Ta Som.
Dos and Don'ts in Siem Reap
Cambodian people are well-known for their hospitality and warmth. Out of respect, visitors to the Kingdom should take care to observe local customs and practices. You may find it useful to familiarize yourself with the following common dos and don'ts before embarking on your trip to Cambodia.
DOs in Siem Reap/Cambodia
• Ask for permission before taking photographs of any Cambodian people or monks.
• It is customary to remove your shoes when entering a place of worship such as a pagoda or temple. Additionally, visitors should dress appropriately when inside a religious site (upper arms and legs should be covered, hats removed).
• It is respectful to remove your shoes when entering someone’s home.
• Though not always expected, a respectful way of greeting another individual is to bow the head slightly with hands pressed together at the chest (known as “Sampeah”).
• If invited to dine in a Cambodian family’s home, it is polite to bring a small gift for the host such as fruit, dessert, or flowers.
• If invited to attend a Cambodian wedding, it is customary to bring cash as a wedding gift.
• When using a toothpick at the table, use one hand to cover your mouth.
• Keep business cards ready, and present them with both hands. Accept business cards with both hands.
DON'Ts in Siem Reap/Cambodia
• Don't use your feet to point at someone.
• Don't touch a Cambodian person on the head.
• Don't begin eating if you are a guest at a dinner and the host has yet to take a bite.
• Women should never touch male monks or hand something directly to them.
• Keep public displays of affection to a respectful minimum
What to wear in Siem Reap/Cambodia?
The weather in Cambodia generally falls under two categories: the wet season (May to October) and the dry season (November to April).
Lightweight, loose-fitting, cotton clothing is recommended for the dry season, when the weather is hot and humid. Visitors may wish to pack long pants and long-sleeved shirts for hiking, trekking, or outdoor activities. A hat and sunglasses may be useful for when walking around under the sun.
During the rainy season, visitors may want to bring a light rain poncho (plastic ponchos can be purchased cheaply in Cambodia) or a sturdy umbrella. A light jacket or cardigan will come in handy during the months of December and January, when temperatures are at their coolest.
When visiting outdoor temples, including those of Angkor Wat, shorts and T-shirts are acceptable. Shoes and hats are generally removed at the entrance to pagodas. For visits to the Silver Pagoda, which is within the Royal Palace grounds. visitors are asked to dress more formally. Gentlemen are required to wear long trousers and ladies should wear long trousers or long skirts and keep their shoulders covered.
What to bring to Siem Reap/Cambodia?
• Photocopies of your passport
• At least two passport-size photographs of yourself
• Cash in US$1s, $10s, $20s, $50s
• A folding umbrella or lightweight rain poncho if you plan to visit during the rainy season
• Zip lock bags. They are cheap, disposable, and keep all kinds of things fresh and dry
• An adventurous spirit.
Public Holidays in Cambodia
Please note that many public holidays in Cambodia are either traditional festivals or Buddhist holidays, which are based on lunar calendars; thus, the holiday dates change from year to year
Sunday, January 01, 2012
The celebration of New Year’s Eve has become more and more popular in Cambodia; although not an official holiday, many offices are closed
Saturday, January 07, 2012
This national holiday commemorates Vietnamese-backed troops taking the capital from the Khmer Rouge in 1979. It marks the end of the Khmer Rouge regime after their defeat to the Vietnamese.
Tuesday, February 07, 2012
An important Buddhist holy day celebrated in Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos on the full moon day of the third lunar month in Buddhist Calendar. The month is known in the Thai language as Makha (Pali: Magha). Bucha, also a Thai word (Pali: Puja), meaning to venerate or to honor. As such, Makha Bucha Day is for the veneration of Buddha and his teachings.
Thursday, March 08, 2012
This United Nations-inspired holiday.
Fri, Sat, Sun: April 13, 14, 15, 2012
Possibly Cambodia’s most important holiday. The cities empty as Cambodians rush to spend the holiday with family. The holiday lasts for three days beginning on New Year’s Day. This time of the year is at the end of the harvesting season. The farmers enjoy the fruits of their harvest and relax before the rainy season begins. Gifts and tips are especially auspicious during April and should be accompanied with the phrase ‘Sok Sabay, Ch’nam Tmey’.
Tuesday, May 01, 2012
A relatively minor holiday. Embassies advise avoiding large labor-related gatherings and rallies falling on this day.
Saturday, May 05, 2012
Vesak Day, Buddhist observance commemorating the birth, enlightenment and passing of the Buddha
Wednesday, May 09, 2012
Known in Cambodia as Pithi Chrat Preah Neangkol, this public holiday corresponds to the start of the planting season. Royal astrologers will predict the coming season’s weather.
Sunday, May 13, 2012
Monday, May 14, 2012
Tuesday, May 15, 2012
Commemorates the birthday of King Norodom Sihamoni on 14 May 1953. The current king was crowned in 2004 after the abdication of his father, Norodom Sihanouk.
Friday, June 01, 2012
Monday, June 18, 2012
Commemorates the birthday of The Queen Mother Norodom Monineath Sihanouk.
Monday, September 24, 2012
A public holiday called to celebrate the anniversary signing of the Cambodian new constitution by King Sihanouk on 24 September 1993
Sunday, October 14, 2012
Monday, October 15, 2012
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
Festival of the Ancestors. Buddhist tradition demands Cambodians visit many pagodas over two weeks. Food, flowers, rice and gifts are given to the monks to convey to the afterlife.
Monday, October 29, 2012
Cambodia Coronation Day is the anniversary of the coronation of current King Norodom SihamoniFormer HM King Sihanouk’s Birthday
Commemorates the day of birth of HM King Sihanouk.
Wednesday, October 31, 2012
Wednesday, October 31, 2012
Commemorates the day of birth of HM King Sihanouk.
Friday, November 09, 2012
Marks anniversary of independence from France. King Sihamoni visits Independence Monument in Phnom Penh.
Tuesday, November 27, 2012
Wednesday, November 28, 2012
Thursday, November 29, 2012
Millions flock to Phnom Penh from the provinces to celebrate the end of monsoon season. Dragon boats race for three days with the king overseeing.
Monday, December 10, 2012
A United Nations-inspired holiday. Unlikely to affect travel plans but government offices are closed.
Welcome to Siem Reap, a center of tourist place in Cambodia! Siem Reap is the getaway to the Angkor Archaeological Park, Cambodia's eight wonder of the world, and it is a pleasant place to stay while touring the temples. Siem Reap is charm with old French shop-houses, shady tree-lined boulevard and a slow-flow river. The town is actually a cluster of old villages, which originally developed around individual pagodas and later overlaid with a French colonial-era center.
Note the colonial and Chinese-style architecture in the town center and around Old Market. Designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, the Angkor Archaeological Park encompasses dozens of temple ruins including Bayon, Banteay Srey and the legendary Angkor Wat whose artistic and archaeological significance and visual impact put in a class with the Pyramids, Machu Pichu and the Taj Mahal.
The General ViewThe Siem Reap province is conveniently situated 314 km northwest of Phnom Penh (a capital city of Cambodia), along National Road No. 6. It can be reached all year round from this capital city, from the border checkpoint with Thailand-Poipet Border, from Banteay Meancheay Province, Utddor Meancheay Province (Osmach Border), and Kampong Thom Province.
This province is accessible on directly from many of major cities in the region such as Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Bangkok, Ho Chi Minh City and many more...
From the capital city of Phnom Penh, the Cambodian national airline, the Cambodia Angkor Airways, operates many direct flight daily. The province can also be reached by speedboat along the Tonle Sap River, the great lake of Cambodia, from Phnom Penh and Battambang Pronvince.
Siem Reap is a major tourist hub in Cambodia. The most recognizable of the temples, Angkor literally Capital Temple was built by King Suryavarman II during the early 12th century. The Angkor temple complex is north of the city. Recently the city has been a great deal of expansion hundreds of hotels, hostels, inns, guesthouses, restaurants, shops, catering to both international and Cambodian tourists have opened to serve the influx of visitors.
The People & LanguageSiem
Reap covered 10,299km2 (3,976.50sqm) with the total population just over 1 million; the province captial is Siem Reap town is where you will probably stay during your visit. Our Check Inn Siem Reap is located just in the middle of the city center. The town is actually cluster of old villages, which originally developed around individual pagodas, and was later overlain with a French colonial-era center.
Khmer is the official language of Cambodia. The Cambodian language is derived from the Mon-Khmer (Austro-Asiatic) language family. It is renowned for being one of the largest set of alphabets; it consists basically of 33 consonants, 23 vowels and 12 independent vowels. Tourist may wish to learn a few spoken like "Thank You" stand for "Or-Kun", while "Hello" stand for "Sour s'Dey". However, English is widely spoken and understoond. French is the secon language after English; most elderly Cambodian speak French. The Chinese language is also widely spoken.
How to reach Siem Reap
Siem Reap is accessible by direct flights from many major cities in the region including Bangkok, Danang, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh, Paksé, Vientiane, Kuala Lumpur, Manila, Singapore, Hong Kong, Kunming, Seoul, Rangon, Taipei, etc. From the capital of Phnom Penh, Angkor Air operates several direct flights per day to and from Siem Reap. There are also speedboats operating along the Tonlé Sap from Phnom Penh and Battambang Province.
Transportation
The best way to see the Siem Reap at a leisurely pace is to hire a car or a Tuk Tuk with a driver. You can of course drive yourself around, but it probably wouldn’t be as pleasant as having someone else to drive you especially on unfamiliar roads and through heavy traffic. Renting a motorbike is great for short distances within the city and for touring rural areas.
Tourists can travel to all parts of Cambodia by bus, taxi, motorbike, boat and aeroplane. Within the capital of Phnom Penh, Siem Reap Province and Preah Sihanouk Province, sightseeing can conveniently be enjoyed on a Reumork (Tuk Tuk). Buses are available from Phnom Penh to Siem Reap, Preah Sihanouk, Pursat, Battambang, Poipèt, Banteay Meanchey, Kratie, and Preah Vihear.
Boats are very popular means of transportation along the Tonlé Sap, Bassac, and Mekong rivers. These boats remove the hassle of meandering along the highways yet offer some spectacular scenery along the way. Cambodia Angkor Air, the National Flag Carrier operates to and from Phnom Penh and Siem Reap daily. In the capital of Phnom Penh and the province of Siem Reap, a Cyclo including a driver can be hired at a reasonable price; do agree on a price before the ride
Weather
Like most of Southeast Asia, Cambodia’s climate is hot and warm almost all year round. The climate is dominated by the annual monsoon cycle of rainy and dry seasons. The rainy seasons lasts from May to October, and the dry season from November to April. December to January is the cool months while the hottest period is in April. The average temperature is 27-28C.
The monsoon season may carry some rains but these quite often occur during the late evening and overnight and are unlikely to spoil your requirement.
Language
Khmer is the official language of Cambodia. The Cambodian language is derived from the Mon-Khmer (Austro-Asiatic) language family. It is renowned for being one of the largest set of alphabets; it consists basically of 33 consonants, 23 vowels and 12 independent vowels.
Tourists may wish to learn a few spoken phrases before or when visiting Cambodia. However, English is widely spoken and understood. French is the second language after English; most elderly Cambodians speak French. The Chinese language is also widely spoken.
National Flag
The flag of Cambodia symbolizes the country’s religious dignity and royalty. Two large blue stripes representing royalty, embrace an even larger red stripe which represents the nation. The image of the white temple represents the nation’s religion. Generally speaking, the colors and image on the Cambodian flag personify the country’s slogan: Nation, Religion, and King.
National Flower
Romduol, a small yellowish-white flower, is the national flower of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Since ancient times, Cambodian women have often been compared to the Romduol flower because of its attractive fragrance; a unique scent that is prominent in the late afternoon and can travel over long distances with the wind. With its sturdy stems that measure up to 30cm, the Romduol plant can grow to a height of 12 meters. These plants are being planted to enhance public parks.
Religion
Theravada Buddhism is the prevailing official religion in Cambodia and approximately ninety percent of the populations are Buddhists. Islam, Hinduism and Christianity are also embraced in Cambodia. Since Buddha statues and images represent the revered Buddha, visitors are asked to treat all such statues and images with respect so as not to cause offence to local people. In Cambodia, regardless of religion, the country maintains a harmonized state.
Customs and Tradition
Cambodian culture and tradition have had a rich varied history dating back many centuries. Over the years, the people of Cambodia developed a set of unique tradition from the syncretism of indigenous Buddhism and Hinduism.
Cambodians have been raised to respect their culture and are very traditional in their way of life. Tourists will see the well mannered Cambodian expressing a friendly “Chumreap Suor” when they meet one.
Chumreap Suor
Cambodians traditionally greet with a Sampeah, which involves pressing the palms together before the chest with a slight blow and greeting with a polite “Chumreap Suor”. Customarily, the higher the hands are held and the lower the bow, the more respect is conveyed. Except when meeting elderly people or government officials, between men, this custom has been partially replaced by the handshake. Women usually greet both men and women with the same traditional greeting. Although it may be considered acceptable for foreigners to shake hands with a Cambodians, it is more appropriate to respect the custom and respond with a “Chumreap Suor”.
Traditional Dance
There are many classical dance forms in Cambodia, of which a highly stylized art form was once confined mainly to the courts of the royal palace and performed mainly by females. Known formally in Khmer as Robam Apsara, the dancers of this classical form are often referred to as Apsara dancers.
This dance form was first introduced to foreign counties and best known during the 1960s as the Khmer Royal Ballet. The first royal ballerina was Princess Norodom BophaDevi, a daughter of King Norodom Sihanouk.
The Apsara Dance is particularly inspired by the style form around more than a thousand Apsara carvings in the Angkor temple complex. As evidenced in part by these Apsaras (celestial dancers), dance has been part of the Khmer culture for more than a millennium. A visit to Cambodia is only complete when one has attended at least one such traditional dance performance.
Khmer Wedding
Traditional Cambodian weddings are intricate affairs that consist of multiple ceremonies lasting three days and three nights.
The wedding begins with the groom and his family traveling to the bride’s home bearing gifts to the bride’s family as dowry. Family members and friends are introduced, and wedding rings exchanged. Customarily, three traditional song announcing the arrival of the groom and the next is on the presentation of the dowry followed by a final song to invite the elders to chew Betel Nut, an age-old Khmer tradition. Then it is the Tea Ceremony, at which the bride and groom offer tea to the spirits of their ancestors.
To prepare the bride and groom for their life as a married couple, their hair must then be symbolically cut to represent a fresh start to their new relationship together as husband and wife. The master of ceremony performs the first symbolic hair cut; the bride and groom’s parents, relatives, and friends then take turn to symbolically cut the bride and groom’s hair and give them blessing and good wishes.
The final is the most memorable segment of the wedding. Family members and friends take turns to tie the bride’s and groom’s left and right wrists with “blessing strings”. The praises and wishes of happiness, good health, success, prosperity, and long-lasting love are acknowledged and witnessed by the loud sound of the gong and joyful cheers. Then, they throw palm flowers over the new couple accompanied by a traditional song. After the couple is pronounced husband and wife, the groom holds the bride’s fabric into the bridal room accompanied by a traditional song.
At the close of this wedding ceremony, all of the guests are invited to a wedding reception accompanied by an orchestra concert. The Khmer wedding is a rowdy and joyous event. Nowadays most families reduce the three-day and three-night ritual to a one-day affair.
Food
Khmer cuisine includes noodles, soups, grills, stir-fried, curries, salads, desserts, lots of vegetables, tropical fruits, and of course rice which is the staple food for Cambodians. Cambodian culinary secrets are rarely written down; the recipes were instead handed down from mother to daughter. From an ancient origin has come a traditional cuisine of unsuspected treasures: a unique blend of flavor and color that enhance the natural ingredients used.
Cambodians perfected the art of blending spice paste using many ingredients like cloves, cinnamon, star anise, nutmeg, cardamom, ginger and turmeric. They add other native ingredients like galangal, garlic, shallots, lemongrass, cilantro, and kaffir lime leaves to these spices to make a rather distinctive and complex spice blend known as “kroeung”.
Although noodles are also popular, almost every meal includes a bowl of rice. A wide range of curries, soups and stir fried are usually served with rice. Being in a country that produces many rice varieties, tourists can enjoy the best aromatic grains and various types of glutinous rice. The latter is more commonly served with a salad or in desserts with fruits.
There are two other unique ingredients that give Cambodian cuisines their fabulous typical flavor. One is a pungent fermented fish paste know as “Pra-Hok” and the other, the “Kapi”, a fermented prawn paste. These require an acquired taste for most but they are beloved by some who used them in many dishes or even taken as a dipping sauce. Collectively, these ingredients have become an important aromatic combination commonly used in Cambodians cuisines.
Typically, a Cambodian meal is served with rice and at least three other dishes. It usually includes a soup or “Samlor”, served alongside the main dishes. Each of the individual dishes will either be sweet, sour, salty or bitter; these exist side by side in harmony, sometimes even within a single dish, to offer an original melody. Chili is usually left up to the individual to add. In this way tourists are subtly ensured that they get a bit of every flavor to satisfy their palates.
By AIR
Cambodia can be accessed through the Phnom Penh International Airport and the Siem Reap International Airport; both of which provide full services for passengers on international flights operated by many international airlines. Many international airlines are listed below:
International Airlines
1.Cambodia Angkor Air (K6): Phnom Penh-Ho Chi Minh- Phnom Penh, Siem Reap-Ho Chi Minh-Siem Reap, Phnom Penh-Siem Reap-Phnom Penh
2.Air Asia (AK): Kuala Lumpur-Phnom Penh-Kuala Lumpur, Bangkok-Phnom Penh-Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur-Siem Reap-Kuala Lumpur
3.Asiana Airlines (OZ): Incheon-Phnom Penh-Incheon, Incheon-Siem Reap-Incheon
4.Bangkok Airways (PG): Bangkok-Phnom Penh- Bangkok, Bangkok-Siem Reap-Bangkok
5.China Airlines (CI): Taipei-Phnom Penh-Taipei
6.China Eastern Airlines “China Yunnan Airlines + China Northwest Airlines” (MU): Kunming-Siem Reap-Kunming, Yunnan-Siem Reap-Yunnan
7.China Southern Airlines (CZ): Beijing-Phnom Penh- Beijing, Guangzhou-Phnom Penh-Guangzhou
8.Dragon Air (KA): Hong Kong-Phnom Penh-Hong Kong
9.EVA Air (BR): Taipei-Phnom Penh-Taipei
10.Far Eastern Air Transport (EF): TPE-PNH-TPE (for a cargo flight)
11.JetStar Asia (3K): Singapore-Phnom Penh-Singapore, Singapore-Siem Reap-Singapore
12.Korean Air (KE): Seoul-Phnom Penh-Seoul, Seoul-Siem Reap-Seoul
13.Lao Aviation (QV): Vientiane-Siem Reap-Vientiane
14.Malaysia Airlines (MH): Kuala Lumpur-Phnom Penh- Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur-Siem Reap-Kuala Lumpur
15.Shanghai Airlines (FM): Shanghai-Phnom Penh- Shanghai
16.Siem Reap Airways International (FT): Bangkok-Siem Reap-Bangkok
17.Silk Air (MI): Singapore-Phnom Penh-Singapore, Singapore-Siem Reap-Singapore
18.Thai Air Asia (FD): Bangkok-Phnom Penh-Bangkok
19.Thai Airways International (TG): Bangkok-Phnom Penh- Bangkok
20.Vietnam Airlines (VN): Hanoi-Phnom Penh-Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh-Phnom Penh-Ho Chi Minh, Vientiane-Phnom Penh-Vientiane, Hanoi-Siem Reap-Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh- Siem Reap-Ho Chi Minh
Airport Tax: The Cambodian government has announced plans to change the airport departure tax system. From April 1st 2011, departure tax will now be included in all ticket prices. This is a welcome move and should facilitate smoother travel.
By LAND
Tourists can enjoy traveling to Cambodia by land from neighboring Vietnam, Laos and Thailand.
Access from Vietnam (through nine international border checkpoints)1.Bavet (Cambodian side) and Mok Bai (Vietnamese side) On the Cambodian side, the Bavet international border checkpoint is located in Svay Rieng Province, and on the Vietnamese side, the Mok Bai international border checkpoint is located in Tay Ninh Province.
Tourists can reach Cambodia from Vietnam through the gates. Visas on arrival and e-visas are available there. They can get access to Phnom Penh by National Road No 1. The distance between Ho Chi Minh City and Phnom Penh City is 230 kilometers. There are taxis at the border between two countries. The taxi fare to Phnom Penh City is approximately US$ 10 per person. On their journey, visitors can enjoy the beautiful landscape of the eastern Mekong area.
2.Kaam Samnor (Cambodian side) and Yin Soeung (Vietnamese side) On the Cambodian side, the Kaam Samnor international border checkpoint is located between Kandal and Prey Veng Provinces, and on the Vietnamese side, the Yin Soeung international border checkpoint is located in Ang Giang Province. From Vietnam, tourists can get access to Cambodia through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
3.Phnom Den (Cambodian side) and Tin Bienh (Vietnamese side) On the Cambodian side, the Phnom Den international border checkpoint is located in Takeo Province, and on the Vietnamese side, the Tin Bienh international border checkpoint is located in Ang Giang Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia from Vietnam through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
4.Trapaing Phlong (Cambodian side) and Xamat (Vietnamese side) On the Cambodian side, the Trapaing Phlong international border checkpoint is located in Kampong Cham Province, and on the Vietnamese side, the Xamat international border checkpoint is located in Tay Ninh Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia from Vietnam through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
5.Trapaing Srè (Cambodian side) and Bonue (Vietnamese side) On the Cambodian side, the Trapaing Srè international border checkpoint is located in Kratie Province, and on the Vietnamese side, the Bonue international border checkpoint is located in Binh Phuoc Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia from Vietnam through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
6.Oyadav (Cambodian side) and Lethanh (Vietnamese side) On the Cambodian side, the Oyadav international border checkpoint is located in Rattanak Kiri Province, and on the Vietnamese side, the Lethanh international border checkpoint is located in Gia Lai Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia from Vietnam through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
7.Banteay Chakrei (Cambodian side) and Dinh Ba (Vietnamese side) On the Cambodian side, the Banteay Chakrei international border checkpoint is located in Prey Vèng Province, and on the Vietnamese side, the Dinh Ba international border checkpoint is located in Dong Thap Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia from Vietnam through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
8.Preak Chak (Cambodian side) and Ha Tieng (Vietnamese side) On the Cambodian side, the Preak Chak international border checkpoint is located in Kampot Province, and on the Vietnamese side, the Ha Tieng international border checkpoint is located in Kien Giang Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia from Vietnam through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
9.Samrong (Cambodian side) and Mi Quy Tei (Vietnamese side) On the Cambodian side, the Samrong international border checkpoint is located in Svay Rieng Province, and on the Vietnamese side, the Mi Quy Tei international border checkpoint is located in Long An Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia from Vietnam through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
Access from Laos
On the Cambodian side, the Trapaing Kreal international border checkpoint is located in Stung Trèng Province, and on the Lao side, the Norg Nokbiane international border checkpoint is located in Champasak Province. Cambodia can be accessed from Laos through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
Access from Thailand (through six international border checkpoints)
1.Poipet (Cambodian side) and Ban Klong Leuk (Thai side) On the Cambodian side, the Poipet international border checkpoint is located in Banteay Meanchey Province, and on the Thai side, the Ban Klong Leuk international border checkpoint is located in Sakeo Province.
Through the gates, tourists can reach Siem Reap, Cambodia from Thailand to visit the Angkor complex. Visas on arrival and e-visas are available there. Its fee is US$ 20 for each tourist and is US$ 25 for each businessman. It takes about 5 hours from the border to the Siem Reap town by National Road No 6 by taxi. A taxi driver charges US$ 15 for each passenger.
2.Cham Yeam (Cambodian side) and Hat Lek (Thai side)Visitors can reach Cambodia from Trat Province, Thailand through the Cham Yeam international border checkpoint located in Koh Kong Province. From Koh Kong Province, they can continue traveling to Preah Sihanouk Province. It takes around 4 hours to reach Preah Sihanouk Province by speedboat. A one-way taxi fare between Koh Kong Province and Preah Sihanouk Province is US$15 and from there, tourists can proceed to the capital of Phnom Penh by National Road No 4. The distance between Preah Sihanouk Province and Phnom Penh Capital is 230 kilometers. It takes 3 hours and a half by taxi or by bus. The taxi fare is around US$ 10 per capita, and the bus fare is between US$ 3-4. Visas on arrival and e-visas are available at the border gates, and entry visas into Cambodia can also be granted at the Royal Cambodian Embassy in Bangkok or in other cities of Thailand.
3.O'smach (Cambodian side) and Chong Chorm (Thai side) On the Cambodian side, the Osmach international border checkpoint is located in Oddar Meanchey Province, and on the Thai side, the Chong Chorm international border checkpoint is located in Sorin Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
4.Choam (Cambodian side) and Sangam (Thai side) On the Cambodian side, the Choam international border checkpoint is located in Oddar Meanchey Province, and on the Thai side, the Sangam international border checkpoint is located in Sysaket Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
5.Prom (Cambodian side) and Ban Pakard (Thai side) On the Cambodian side, the Prom international border checkpoint is located in Pailin Province, and on the Thai side, the Ban Pakard international border checkpoint is located in Chanthaburi Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
6.Dong (Cambodian side) and Ban Lem (Thai side) On the Cambodian side, the Dong international border checkpoint is located in Battambang Province, and on the Thai side, the Ban Lem international border checkpoint is located in Chanthaburi Province. Tourists can get access to Cambodia through the gates. Visas on arrival are available there.
By WATER
Cambodia can be reached by boat from neighboring countries and the world. The Sihanouk International Seaport and the Phnom Penh International Port are two main gateways to Cambodia. Visas upon arrival are available at the Phnom Penh International Port, but they are not available at the Sihanouk International Seaport.
The Sihanouk International Seaport receives international cruise ships that accommodate hundreds of visitors.
It is possible to reach Phnom Penh Capital by ship along the Mékong River from Vietnam. Phnom Penh is connected by fast local boats to the Upper Mekong River close to Laos or it is linked along the Tonlé Sap to Siem Reap-Angkor. By this means, visitors can enjoy the Mekong’s view and discover the new growth area of Cambodia full of natural resources, cultural heritage, and life styles of the Cambodian people.
VISA To Cambodia
All nationalities need to apply for a travel visa, except for nationals from the following countries: Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.
A visa on arrival, valid for a thirty-day stay, is specifically granted at Phnom Penh International Airport, Siem Reap International Airport, and International Border Checkpoints. Visas are also granted at Royal Cambodian Embassy or Consulate abroad. The visa fee for a tourist is US$20, and the visa fee for a businessman is US$25. Visas can be extended at the Immigration Department in Phnom Penh City. A free visa (K) is expressly granted to the Cambodian living overseas.
The Royal Government of Cambodia has recently approved e-visas. All you have to do is complete the online application form available at the official website (evisa.mfaic.gov.kh), pay by credit card online, and include uploading a recent passport-size photo in JPEG/ PNG format. The visa will be approved within three business days, allowing you to breeze by that lengthy line and get a jump-start on your holiday.
The e-visa, valid for a thirty-day stay, is available only for a typical tourist visa for a single entry. It is currently not available for nationals from Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Arab Saudi, Algeria, Sudan, and Sri Lanka. For a business visa, please apply at your nearest embassy or on arrival at all major check points.
Tourists getting such a visa online can enter and exit Cambodia through Phnom Penh International Airport, Siem Reap International Airport, Bavet International Border Checkpoint in Svay Rieng, Cham Yeam International Border Checkpoint in Koh Kong, and Poipet International Border Checkpoint in Banteay Meanchey.
Credited: Text courtesy of Cambodia's Official Handbook & Official website of the Ministry of Tourism - www.mot.gov.kh
